Mahalliy
China vows to fight US tariffs
Laura Bicker
China correspondent
Watch: ‘Both sides suffer’ – Shanghai residents on US-China tariff tensions
“China will fight to the bitter end of any trade war,” the foreign ministry spokesperson in Beijing declared, after China announced tit-for-tat tariffs on agricultural imports from the US.
This came within minutes of a new 10% US levy on Chinese imports that came into effect on Tuesday – which adds to existing tariffs both from Trump’s first term and those announced last month.
But China’s latest retaliatory measures are an opening swing, not a direct punch.
It shows some strength, and it has the potential to sting parts of the United States, but also leaves room to negotiate or escalate if necessary.
“We advise the US to put away it’s bullying face and return to the right track of dialogue and co-operation before it is too late,” foreign ministry spokesperson Lin Jian added.
Reuters
Will talks take place between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping?
This is the second round of tariffs the two countries have imposed on each other since February. But this time China is hitting Donald Trump where it has the potential to hurt – by targeting farmers, who are some of his core supporters.
Almost 78% of farming-dependent counties in the US endorsed Mr Trump in 2024.
China is one of their biggest customers for produce such as chicken, beef, pork and soybeans and now all those products will face a 10-15% tax which will come into effect on 10 March.
“The tariffs are broadly negative for US agricultural markets. It is going to have a bearish influence on prices. There are enough corn and soybean supplies in the world for China to make a switch, it is more of an issue for the US, because 30% of US soybeans still go to China,” Ole Houe, of Ikon commodities, told Reuters news agency.
Beijing may hope that this will apply some pressure on the Trump administration ahead of any potential negotiations.
The latest announcements raise the prospect of an all-out trade war between the world’s top two economies and in various ministry statements, China is making two things very clear.
Firstly, it is prepared to continue to fight.
“Pressure, coercion and threats are not the right way to deal with the Chinese side,” said Mr Lin.
But secondly, it is also willing to talk.
Beijing is not ramping up the rhetoric or the tariffs in the same way it did in 2018, during the last Trump administration. Back then it imposed a tariff of 25% on US soybeans.
“China’s tariffs impact a limited number of US products, and remain below the 20% level. This is by design. China’s government is signalling that they do not want to escalate, they want to de-escalate,” according to Even Pay, an analyst with Trivium China.
The prospect of talks was raised last month.
The White House said there would be a call between President Xi and Donald Trump. That never happened.
So will these talks take place and who will make the first move?
Reuters
A new 10% US levy on Chinese imports that came into effect on Tuesday is likely to hurt Beijing
China is unlikely to want to go first. It will not want to be seen kowtowing to Washington.
And in contrast to Canada and Mexico, Beijing has not announced new measures to target the flow of fentanyl. It simply repeated past statements that fentanyl is a “US problem” and that China has the strictest drug policies in the world.
On Tuesday, the State Council released a White Paper entitled “Controlling Fentanyl-related substances – China’s contribution.”
It outlines the measures Beijing says it has already made to crack down on Fentanyl-related crimes and the precursor chemicals used to make the drug. It adds that it is “diligently fulfilling international drug control obligations”.
So, while China hasn’t picked up the phone to Washington, this document forms part of the country’s message which appears to be saying – we are already doing what we can on fentanyl.
Money worries
Despite stating that China “will not yield”, these latest tariffs are bound to sting.
The cumulative 20% tax on all Chinese goods comes on top of a slew of tariffs Trump imposed in his first term on tens of billions of dollars of Chinese imports. And China’s population is already concerned about a sluggish economy.
Thousands of delegates are gathering in the capital this week to take part in an annual parliamentary session, most of which will focus on the economy.
House prices are still falling, and youth unemployment remains stubbornly high. A potential trade war with the US could prompt more money worries for businesses and consumers across the country at a time when the Communist Party wants people to spend to help the economy to grow.
But Beijing will also see an opportunity as Donald Trump sows uncertainty among his international allies.
It can partly place the blame for any further economic woes at Washington’s door and state that it’s the fault of the US for starting a trade war.
The state media outlet Xinhua has in recent days released a series of parodies poking fun at a United States that is prepared to tax its allies and neighbours. The skits portray Washington as a bully echoing the words coming from the leaders of Canada and Mexico.
At the same time, China’s Commerce Ministry has reiterated that it is prepared to work with other countries around the world to combat Mr Trump’s tariffs.
Beijing appears to be looking for potential allies in this trade war while also trying to cast Washington as a troublemaker who is prepared to target friends and foes alike.
All at a time when Donald Trump’s ‘America First’ doctrine has many in Europe and the UK wondering if the US-led world order is already in doubt.
Prezidentning 2026-yil 11-apreldagi qaroriga muvofiq, Toshkent davlat agrar universiteti faoliyatini takomillashtirish bo‘yicha qator chora-tadbirlar belgilandi. Unga ko‘ra, 2026–2027-o‘quv yilidan boshlab agrar oliy ta’lim muassasalarida ayrim yo‘nalishlar bo‘yicha 3 yillik ta’lim dasturlari joriy etiladi.
Hujjatda 2030-yilga qadar universitetni xalqaro reytinglarning top-500 taligiga kiritish, ilmiy ishlanmalarni tijoratlashtirish hajmini 3 baravarga oshirish va akkreditatsiyadan o‘tgan dasturlar sonini 4 baravar ko‘paytirish vazifalari belgilangan.
Shuningdek, yangi ta’lim modeli nazariy bilimlar va amaliy ko‘nikmalar uyg‘unligini ta’minlashga qaratilgan bo‘lib, talabalarni bozor talablariga mos kadr sifatida tayyorlash maqsad qilingan.
Yangi tizimga ko‘ra, o‘quv jarayoni bosqichma-bosqich amaliyotga yo‘naltiriladi. Birinchi kursda darslarning 60 foizi nazariy, 40 foizi amaliy bo‘ladi.
Ikkinchi kursda nazariy va amaliy mashg‘ulotlar tenglashtirilib, har biri 50 foizni tashkil etadi. Uchinchi kursda esa asosiy e’tibor amaliyotga qaratilgan bo‘lib, 70 foiz amaliy, 30 foiz nazariy darslardan iborat bo‘ladi.
Bundan tashqari, yuqori kurs talabalari uchun o‘qish jarayonidan ajralgan holda 4 oylik uzluksiz dual ta’lim joriy etiladi.
Qarorda universitetning xalqaro nufuzini oshirishga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Xususan, xalqaro reyting tashkilotlari bilan hamkorlikni kuchaytirish va ta’lim sifatini global standartlarga moslashtirish rejalashtirilgan.
Ilmiy tadqiqotlarni tijoratlashtirish orqali universitetning moliyaviy barqarorligini oshirish ham ustuvor vazifalardan biri sifatida belgilangan.
Ilm-fan salohiyati yanada oshiriladi. «Oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar tizimini takomillashtirishning qo‘shimcha chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida» gi Prezident Farmoni (PF–58-son, 10.04.2026-y.) qabul qilindi.
Farmonga ko‘ra, Oliy ta’lim, fan va innovatsiyalar vazirligi huzuridagi Oliy ta’limni rivojlantirish tadqiqotlari markazi negizida Oliy ta’limni rivojlantirish va global hamkorlik markazi tashkil etiladi.
Respublika davlat oliy ta’lim tashkilotlarining bakalavriat ta’lim yo‘nalishlariga muayyan o‘quv yili uchun ajratilgan grant kvotalarining to‘lmay qolgan qismi hisobidan har yili 500 nafargacha bo‘lgan iqtidorli chet el fuqarolariga oliy ta’lim tashkilotlarida ta’lim olish uchun grant berishni nazarda tutuvchi «Yangi O‘zbekiston stipendiyasi» dasturi amalga oshiriladi.
2026/2027 o‘quv yilidan oliy ta’lim tashkilotlariga xorijiy talabalarni qabul qilishning amaldagi tartibiga qo‘shimcha tariqasida «Study in Uzbekistan» platformasi orqali qabul qilish yo‘lga qo‘yiladi.
2026/2027 o‘quv yilidan ta’lim dasturini xorijiy tilda yakunlagan talabalar ta’limning keyingi bosqichi uchun hujjat topshirishda xorijiy tilni bilish to‘g‘risidagi sertifikatni taqdim etishdan ozod etiladi.
Quyidagilar tashkil etiladi:
– Raqamli ta’lim texnologiyalarini rivojlantirish markazi negizida Raqamli ta’lim va sun’iy intellektni rivojlantirish markazi;
– Innovatsiyalarni joriy qilish va texnologiyalar transferi milliy ofisi hamda Yoshlar akademiyasi negizida Yoshlarning innovatsion tashabbuslarini qo‘llab-quvvatlash ofisi.
Joriy yil 10-apreldagi PF–58-son farmon bilan «U 10 – O‘zbekistonning global ilg‘or universitetlari» dasturi joriy etiladi va uning doirasida oliy ta’lim tashkilotlariga milliy tadqiqot universiteti maqomini berish yo‘lga qo‘yiladi.
Milliy tadqiqot universiteti maqomi davlat ilmiy dasturlari doirasida Innovatsion rivojlanish agentligi tomonidan ilmiy klaster tashkil etish loyihasi bo‘yicha o‘tkaziladigan tanlovda g‘olib bo‘lgan 10 ta oliy ta’lim tashkilotiga beriladi.
2027-yil 1-yanvardan oliy ta’lim tashkilotlari milliy reytingi natijalariga ko‘ra moliyaviy rag‘batlantirish tizimi yo‘lga qo‘yiladi.
Milliy reyting natijalariga ko‘ra, har bir toifa guruhiga mansub oliy ta’lim tashkilotlarining 20 foizi 1-darajaga, 40 foizdan 2- va 3-darajalarga kiritiladi.
2027-yil 1-yanvardan davlat buyurtmasi (davlat granti) asosida ta’lim olayotgan 1 nafar talabani o‘qitish xarajatlari miqdorini quyidagi ko‘rsatkichlardan kelib chiqib shakllantirish tartibi joriy etiladi:
1 nafar professor-o‘qituvchiga to‘g‘ri keladigan o‘rtacha talabalar soni nisbati;
ta’lim sohasi murakkabligi, shu jumladan, ta’lim yo‘nalishlari (ixtisosliklar) uchun talab etiladigan moddiy-texnik baza;
ta’lim sohasi oliy ma’lumotli kadrlarni tayyorlashning ustuvor sohalariga mosligi;
oliy ta’lim tashkilotining maqomi va (yoki) toifasiga ko‘ra ilmiy tadqiqotga yo‘naltirilganligi va boshqalar.
PF–58-son farmon bilan respublika davlat oliy ta’lim tashkilotlarining bakalavriat ta’lim yo‘nalishlariga muayyan o‘quv yili uchun ajratilgan grant kvotalarining to‘lmay qolgan qismi hisobidan har yili 500 nafargacha bo‘lgan iqtidorli chet el fuqarolariga oliy ta’lim tashkilotlarida ta’lim olish uchun grant berishni nazarda tutuvchi «Yangi O‘zbekiston stipendiyasi» dasturi amalga oshiriladi.
2026/2027 o‘quv yilidan oliy ta’lim tashkilotlariga xorijiy talabalarni qabul qilishning amaldagi tartibiga qo‘shimcha tariqasida «Study in Uzbekistan» platformasi orqali qabul qilish yo‘lga qo‘yiladi.
Shuningdek, 2026/2027 o‘quv yilidan ta’lim dasturini xorijiy tilda yakunlagan talabalar ta’limning keyingi bosqichi uchun hujjat topshirishda xorijiy tilni bilish to‘g‘risidagi sertifikatni taqdim etishdan ozod etiladi.
Hujjat bilan quyidagilar tashkil etiladi:
Raqamli ta’lim texnologiyalarini rivojlantirish markazi negizida Raqamli ta’lim va sun’iy intellektni rivojlantirish markazi;
Innovatsiyalarni joriy qilish va texnologiyalar transferi milliy ofisi hamda Yoshlar akademiyasi negizida Yoshlarning innovatsion tashabbuslarini qo‘llab-quvvatlash ofisi.
Toshkentdagi Islom sivilizatsiyasi markazida Amir Temur tavalludining 690 yilligiga bag‘ishlangan xalqaro ilmiy konferensiya doirasida 13 ta sho‘’ba yig‘ilishlari bo‘lib o‘tdi. Unda Temuriylar davri merosi davlatchilikdan tortib, ilm-fan, san’at va zamonaviy texnologiyalargacha bo‘lgan keng qamrovda tahlil qilindi.
Anjumanning ilmiy muhokamalarida Amir Temurning davlat boshqaruvi va diplomatiyasi alohida o‘rin egalladi. Mutaxassislar uning shaxsini ilmiy jihatdan baholash, ideal hukmdor sifatidagi qiyofasi, Turon sivilizatsiyasi bilan bog‘liqligi kabi masalalarni ko‘rib chiqdilar. Shuningdek, saroy hujjatlari, diplomatik yozishmalar va tarjimonlik an’analari Temuriylar tashqi siyosatining muhim qismi sifatida tahlil etildi.
Harbiy san’atga bag‘ishlangan muhokamalarda Amir Temurning jahon harbiy tafakkuriga qo‘shgan hissasi, strategik yurishlar, razvedka va taktik yondashuvlari keng yoritildi. Zamonaviy tahlillar asosida uning geosiyosiy strategiyasi va harbiy boshqaruv tizimiga yangi baho berildi.
Shaharsozlik va me’morchilikka oid sho‘’bada esa Temuriylar davridagi arxitektura maktabi, Samarqand va Hirot kabi shaharlarning rivojlanish modeli, shuningdek, me’moriy yodgorliklarni saqlash va raqamli texnologiyalar orqali tiklash masalalari muhokama qilindi. Bu yo‘nalishda Temuriylar renessansining G‘arb me’morchiligiga ta’siri haqidagi ilmiy qarashlar ham ilgari surildi.
Tarixiy manbalarga bag‘ishlangan yig‘ilishlarda rasmiy yozishmalar, xitoy va usmoniy manbalari, qo‘lyozmalarni saqlash va raqamlashtirish masalalariga alohida e’tibor qaratildi. Manbashunoslik va tekstologik tadqiqotlar Temuriylar davrini chuqur anglashda asosiy omil sifatida qayd etildi.
Ilm-fan va ta’lim yo‘nalishidagi muhokamalar Temuriylar renessansining mohiyatini ochib berdi. Xususan, Mirzo Ulug‘bek ilmiy maktabi, Ali Qushchi merosi hamda Ibn Xaldun bilan bog‘liq tarixiy muloqotlar jahon ilm-fani taraqqiyotidagi muhim bosqich sifatida baholandi.
Adabiyot va san’atga bag‘ishlangan sho‘’bada Alisher Navoiy ijodi markaziy o‘rinni egallab, uning asarlari poetika va ma’naviyat uyg‘unligi sifatida talqin qilindi. Shuningdek, Kamoliddin Behzod maktabi va qo‘lyozmalardagi matn va tasvir uyg‘unligi Temuriylar madaniyatining yuksak namunasi sifatida ko‘rsatildi.
Ijtimoiy-ma’naviy hayotga oid muhokamalarda jamiyatdagi axloqiy muhit, ta’lim, xayriya va ayollar o‘rni kabi masalalar ko‘rib chiqildi. Jumladan, Bibixonim obrazi orqali ayollarning jamiyatdagi o‘rni ilmiy asosda tahlil qilindi.
Anjumanda zamonaviy yondashuvlar ham e’tibor markazida bo‘ldi. Raqamli texnologiyalarga bag‘ishlangan sho‘’bada tarixiy manbalarni raqamlashtirish, me’moriy ob’yektlarni virtual tiklash va ularni turizm sohasiga integratsiya qilish imkoniyatlari muhokama qilindi.
Shuningdek, xattotlik merosiga bag‘ishlangan yig‘ilishda Temuriylar davrida shakllangan yozuv madaniyati, Qur’on nusxalarini ko‘chirish an’analari va nasta’liq xati rivoji kabi masalalar yoritildi.
Mutaxassislar fikricha, mazkur xalqaro anjuman Temuriylar merosini faqat tarixiy xotira sifatida emas, balki zamonaviy sivilizatsiya taraqqiyotiga ta’sir ko‘rsatgan muhim omil sifatida qayta baholash imkonini berdi.
Ushbu konferensiya O‘zbekistonning boy tarixiy-madaniy merosini jahon hamjamiyatiga keng targ‘ib qilish, xalqaro ilmiy hamkorlikni mustahkamlash va Temuriylar davrini yangi ilmiy yondashuvlar asosida o‘rganishda muhim bosqich bo‘lib qolishi kutilmoqda.
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